基于二萜的新药实现了脑损伤后神经元的功能性再生
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基于二萜的新药实现了脑损伤后神经元的功能性再生


在生理学教授 佩德罗-努涅斯-阿巴德斯(Pedro Núñez-Abades)和卡门-卡斯特罗 (Carmen Castro) 的协调下,塞维利亚大学和加的斯大学的研究人员证明,使用二萜有助于在因创伤而受损的大脑区域重新植入新的神经元。

这一发现具有特别重要意义,因为产生的新神经元是成熟的功能性神经元,它们整合到受损区域的神经回路,并发展出与因损伤而消失的神经元相同的功能特征。

这一重要发现发表在国际期刊《干细胞研究与治疗》上,是对实验动物进行的临床前研究成果,其强调二萜化合物作为修复脑损伤潜在疗法可能发挥的药理作用。

脑损伤可能产生非常严重的后果,这些后果通常是不可逆转。

神经元的丢失会影响从运动到认知的一系列功能,并可能导致人格改变甚至更严重的疾病。

寻找有助于受损脑组织再生的治疗方法是当前科学面临的最主要挑战。

在寻找新疗法的过程中,研究人员佩德罗-努涅斯-阿巴斯(Pedro Núñez-Abades),卡门-卡斯特罗(Carmen Castro)与罗萨里奥-埃尔南德斯-加兰(Rosario Hernández-Galán)领导的加的斯大学有机化学系小组密切合作。

通过这种合作关系,我们发现了一些天然产品可以作为再生受损组织、防止功能丧失的疗法。

在这项对实验动物进行的新研究中,研究人员表明,受伤后大脑中负责产生新神经元区域的神经干细胞会自然激活新神经元的产生。

但是这些细胞不会移动到受损伤影响的区域。

通过用二萜作为药物治疗脑损伤的小鼠,新生成的神经元能够移动到受损区域,重新填充因损伤而失去神经元组织。

换句话说,由于用这种分子进行处理,不仅实现了动物大脑受损区域从仍有能力产生新神经元的区域接收新神经元,且实现新神经元是完全功能性的,并且与已受损的神经元相似,这导致原始神经元回路的恢复,从而导致与损伤相关的缺陷的功能恢复。

这项研究还发现了一种新的治疗靶点,即免疫系统细胞在受到损伤时产生的一种分子,这种分子可能是吸引这些神经元到病变部位的原因。

虽然这项研究是在小鼠模型上进行的,还不能应用到人脑上,但它为“未来在进行进一步试验验证该药物对人体有同样效果,并排除其毒性后,可以将其用于治疗脑损伤的再生疗法”打开了一扇大门。


Pardillo-Díaz, R., Pérez-García, P., Ortego-Domínguez, M. et al. The subventricular zone neurogenic niche provides adult born functional neurons to repair cortical brain injuries in response to diterpenoid therapy. Stem Cell Res Ther 16, 1 (2025).
Regions: Europe, Spain
Keywords: Health, Medical, Science, Life Sciences

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