高空作业: 缆车软机器人可带货攀爬陡峭绳索
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高空作业: 缆车软机器人可带货攀爬陡峭绳索


研究人员创造了一种由光驱动的软体机器人,可以沿着既定轨道在空中运输物体,类似于缆车或空中缆道。这种软体机器人能够自主运行,可以在最大80度的坡度上攀爬,并能承载高达自身重量12倍的负载。
“我们之前已经开发出可以在水中快速移动或在陆地上行走的软体机器人,但我们想探索一种能够在开放空间中通过空中运输物体的设计。” 本文的通讯作者、北卡罗来纳州立大学机械与航空航天工程副教授尹杰(Jie Yin)说。“最简单的实现方式就是沿着既定轨道移动——类似于你在山地看到的空中缆车。而我们现在已经证明这是可行的。”
这种软体机器人由类似丝带的液晶弹性体材料制成,经过扭转(类似意大利螺旋面条的形状),然后将末端连接,形成一个类似手环的闭环。这种 “ 软体环形机器人” 悬挂在轨道上,轨道可以是线、金属丝、缆绳或其他材料。具体来说,这个环绕着轨道缠绕了两到三圈,使得环以与轨道平行的角度悬挂。
当暴露在与轨道垂直的红外光下时,吸收光线最多的丝带部分会收缩,产生滚动运动:被照射的部分收缩,将较冷的部分拉入光照区域,这部分随后加热,而先前加热的部分开始冷却,如此循环往复。随着软体环的自我扭转滚动,它便沿着轨道移动。
“随着丝带的旋转,就像螺丝一样旋转,从而使软体机器人可以沿着轨道移动——即便是在陡峭的坡道上搬运货物时也能做到。” 尹杰说。
研究人员展示了软体环形机器人可以在细如人类头发或粗如吸管的轨道上运行。软体机器人还能克服轨道上的障碍,比如打结或隆起。研究人员还演示了机器人可以沿着上坡或下坡的轨道移动,且能承载超过其自身重量12倍的负载。
“我们还展示了它可以沿复杂路径移动——不仅仅是直线。” 论文第一作者、北卡罗来纳州立大学博士生漆方杰(Fangjie Qi)说:“我们已经证明它可以沿着弯曲线、圆形、三维螺旋等轨迹,以可控的方式行进。我们认为,机器人在可预测地适应复杂路线方面的能力,使其在实际应用中具有很大的潜力。”
“我们现在正在思考这种技术的具体应用场景,同时也在尝试让软体机器人对其他输入信号作出反应,而不仅仅是红外光,例如,开发能够在阳光下工作或对其他外部能源作出反应的软体环形机器人。” 尹杰说。
“Aerial Track-Guided Autonomous Soft Ring Robot”

Authors: Fangjie Qi, Caizhi Zhou, Haitao Qing, Haoze Sun and Jie Yin, North Carolina State University

Published: April 25, Advanced Science

DOI: 10.1002/advs.202503288
Attached files
  • in20aerial2020252020.jpg
  • in20aerial20202520on20wire.jpg
  • Credit: Fangjie Qi, NC State University
Regions: North America, United States
Keywords: Applied science, Engineering, Technology

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